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专栏区
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“文言文单元教学”分享一 是“璧”还是“壁”?
22/03/2024

 

文言文单元教学分享一: 是“璧”还是“壁”?

 

上年十月跟大家分享将与香港四邑商工总会新会商会学校合作,以篇章《完璧归赵》为试验单元,在小学六年级的课程加入文言文教学,以衔接中学课程。

现跟大家分享其中一个体验和启发:透过“文化回应”和“变异”进行随文识字教学,以提升二语学习生对华夏文化的理解和汉字字形的兴趣。

教学过程节录与相关步骤

【阅读篇章中】:文化回应

教师在阅读篇章《完璧归赵》时补述了华夏“玉石文化”的背景和特色,以助二语学习生理解故事中人物的选择和想法:

【阅读篇章后】:变异方法识字


成果体验

【文化回应】

学生原本对华夏玉石文化没有认识,且在理解篇章故事时,曾质疑:

为何秦王会用十五座城池来换取一块玉石?
为何现今还有人佩戴这些饰物?
为何玉石的价钱如何高昂?

但经过老师的展示和解说,学生便能连结自身文化,理解中国古代人民的想法和信念。随后,教师更安排课后活动,让学生在家中进行资料搜集,从中国古今玉石文化的转变连繫并探讨自身古今文化的变化:

【汉字字形】

在“学生猜想字形”教学步骤,高能力学生不单能快速按词义选择合适的字形,且能提供选择的理由,如“凿壁偷光”一词,学生能指出:因“他”没有钱,没有可以照明的工具,要凿开“牆壁”才能偷取邻居的光。而能力弱学生则透过老师的引导和同侪的解说选出从“土”的“壁”。

面对文言文教学,不少教师往往着眼于教学“难”点,如虚词、句构、古今异义等,不错,身为教师必须先掌握这些难点,但面向二语学习生,在构思教学设计时,不妨可多从有趣、易明入手,引导学生先感受华夏文化和汉字字形的趣味,随文一步一步掌握较难的文言文知识。