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繪本閱讀的四個瞬間(三)之故事篇
09/04/2024

 

繪本閱讀的四個瞬間(三)之故事篇

文/梁志華

前文提到,身兼作家和畫家的熊亮,把經典故事《武松打虎》搬上繪本的舞台,讓一對胖貓好友通過演出,經歷由開始時的磨擦至最終的諒解,令彼此的友情更形堅固(見梁志華:繪本閱讀的四個瞬間(二)之情感篇)。你希望向學生多介紹經典故事的繪本?既然花木蘭代父從軍的故事已給改編成動畫和真人版電影,下面就以華語作家林世仁和法國畫家克蕾夢絲‧波列合作的《木蘭辭》(見圖一)為例,分享繪本如何綜合以不同的手法呈現和暗示豐富的內容。

(圖一取自網絡)

連結封面與封底

(圖二取自林世仁著;克蕾夢絲‧波列繪:《木蘭辭》。繪本上方的說明和圖內的方框為筆者所加,下同)

學生已積累不少閱讀的經驗與方法,相信在你的引導之下,加上善用引領思維學習策略,學生不難從封面人物的坐騎、衣飾、軍帽等,猜測到主角將要前赴戰場(見圖二右方)。同工可以把封面和封底同時展現,並請學生進一步討論:木蘭放下的花朵代表甚麼?(稍後學生嘗試從後文中引證);而在封底右方回頭向木蘭揮手的又是誰?想像他倆的心情如何?木蘭的付出對維繫整個家庭有甚麼意義?這如何影響她在未來軍旅生活的堅持?

暗示

(圖三取自林世仁著;克蕾夢絲‧波列繪:《木蘭辭》)

「唧唧復唧唧,木蘭當戶織」。面對「可汗大點兵」,木蘭在邊織布邊嘆息時,究竟逐漸織出甚麼想法?倘展示整本繪本的首個跨頁(見圖三),細心的學生可能發現到,由紡織機織出的絲線,竟然逐漸變化成波紋,盛載離家、踏上征途、漂洋過海的輕舟,暗示木蘭往後十年(虛數)的經歷——信息之豐富,就展現在同一個跨頁之內!

略寫

(圖四取自林世仁著;克蕾夢絲‧波列繪:《木蘭辭》)

翻開另一個跨頁(見圖四),學生可能會問:為甚麼漫長而艱苦的軍旅生活,作者和畫家僅以一個跨頁就精簡地表達出來?這跟實際時間(十年)相比的巨大反差,是否暗示出老百姓普遍的心聲:戰爭早日結束,和平早日重臨……?

呼應

(圖五取自林世仁著;克蕾夢絲‧波列繪:《木蘭辭》)

還記得封面內木蘭放下花朵的伏筆嗎?在故事接近尾聲時,花朵再次出現在她的頭上(見圖五),特別的是木蘭這時恢復女兒身「對鏡貼花黃」,且首次以正面現身,而昔日的軍旅生涯則出現在畫面的後方,成為後景——往昔種種,均成往事;又仿似版畫,樸實、低調,一如中國民間的百姓和婦女,默默付出與堅持。從木蘭的雙目,你認為她跟讀者有甚麼話要說?

一口氣跟同工介紹了三本繪本,下一次是繪本系列的最後一篇。配合母親節不久來臨,將跟各位談談繪本如何以畫面含蓄地表達母愛的堅韌和沉著。